Chapter 541: Destruction that cannot be deduced

In Shen Bei's eyes, the last guarantee for mankind is not Titan, but a spacecraft that can travel in the stars.

For the current dim and unclear situation.

In addition to the "possible" battle between the world-destroying starship and the Shadow Immortal and the Tiangong. ,

There is also a potential but almost obvious deadly threat.

That is the cosmic ray burst.

This is the news that Shen Bei learned from reading Bermula's memory.

In the conversation with Lingxi Zhiling, he got a positive answer.

There is a 50% probability that the earth will enter a mass extinction again.

That is, a supernova explosion.

According to Lingxi Zhiling, a relatively large star will explode when it dies.

One of the characteristics is that the flash produced by any star explosion will be brighter than the galaxy in which it is located.

In other words, after a star explodes, any corner of the entire galaxy will see it.

However, so far, the star explosions in the universe are far away from the earth and are difficult to see with the naked eye.

The interesting point here is that even if you see it, its explosion process is very slow within the field of vision.

The continuous process will take about several months.

Essentially, it is because the faster the speed, the slower the time.

What the naked eye can see is that it is doing high-speed slow motion.

And in the center of the explosion, it is just a matter of a moment.

When a star explodes, it will eject matter and produce a nebula.

These nebula fragments should not emit light in theory, but there will be flashes when the explosion occurs. These flashes and fragments will float together in the universe and can continue to shine for tens of thousands of years.

Interestingly, the sun, as a star, will not explode, because... it is too small.

Here, Shen Bei also learned a concept that the smaller the star, the longer the life span.

However, the sun's life span has reached halfway. In five billion years, it will continue to expand, and its color will change from the current golden yellow to dark red.

After the expansion, the maximum length can engulf the earth.

Then the sun begins to shrink and becomes a white dwarf the size of the earth. It will continue to shine for tens of billions of years and slowly die.

However, this is not a crisis that the earth may be destroyed. Not to mention five billion years, even after a thousand years, Shen Bei will not care.

According to the information he read from Bermuda, the crisis of destruction that the Earth will suffer is only a matter of a dozen years or less.

And now, for Lingxi Zhiling, the peculiar distribution of planets in the solar system is very rare in its cognition.

General galaxies are composed of at least two or more stars.

That is to say, there will be two stars rotating opposite each other in a galaxy.

It is extremely rare for the solar system to have only one star and remain stable.

In other galaxies, if one of the galaxies dies and becomes a white dwarf.

This very small but very massive white dwarf will continue to absorb the matter of another star, causing the mass of the white dwarf to continue to increase.

When this mass reaches 1.4 times the mass of the sun, the white dwarf will produce a violent explosion.

What's more interesting is that this explosion is all iron.

In other words, the large amount of iron suspended in the universe is produced by such explosions.

Lingxi Zhiling also mentioned that if this binary star galaxy has intelligent life, it will definitely be more highly developed than the life on Earth.

Because these intelligent life forms are more complicated than the situation faced by the Earth.

Simply put, the so-called alien life forms have to face two suns.

For example, it is difficult or not good for humans to solve game problems.

For example, it is difficult to analyze who will win when eleven people play football with eleven others, because there are 22 uncertain factors.

But for the intelligent life forms produced by this binary star galaxy, it is very simple for them to analyze this.

Lingxi Zhiling also made a joke that if the football of the old era was brought to other intelligent galaxy life forms, they would definitely develop into three teams, and four teams would play football together.

In addition, there are also some tips for measuring space distances, how can humans judge how far a galaxy is from the Earth.

The usual practice is to find a white dwarf in the galaxy and calculate it by looking at its brightness.

Lingxi Zhiling also suggested to give it a try, but Shen Bei refused, saying it was easy to say and wasted cell lines.

Back to the supernova explosion, a supernova explosion will only occur if it is more than six times the mass of the sun.

A lot of knowledge has been laid out in the front.

Lingxi Zhiling will get to the point next. ,

There is a star that is experiencing an explosion far from the earth.

This star can even be seen by looking up at the starry sky.

It is Betelgeuse in Orion.

This star is extremely huge, so large that its radius is as far as the distance from the sun to Jupiter.

Its mass is more than twenty times that of the sun.

According to the knowledge mentioned above, the smaller the mass of a star, the longer its life span, and the larger its mass, the shorter its life span.

And the life span of this Betelgeuse is as short as 10 million years.

According to the calculation of Lingxi Zhiling, at this moment, this year, it is exactly the time when Betelgeuse's life span has reached the end of 10 million years.

So, it is experiencing the critical moment of the Big Bang.

According to the calculation and analysis, the brightness of Betelgeuse is getting higher and higher, it has reached the critical point, and it has suddenly begun to dim.

The photos taken by Lingxi Zhiling show that the current brightness is less than half of what it was about two months ago.

And in the process of Betelgeuse exploding.

It first expands and then shrinks. ,

When it shrinks to the extreme, it begins to explode.

During the contraction process, the atoms in the center are flattened, the electrons are pressed into the nucleus, and then the protons will become neutrons. Therefore, this center has nothing but neutrons. It will eventually form a small planet with a diameter of only about 20 kilometers, and then it will begin to explode and eject everything on the periphery.

Then there will be a pure neutron thing left in the middle, that is, a neutron star.

Neutron stars are different from other planets. Other planets at least have sand and stones, but it is full of neutrons.

And each cubic centimeter of the area of ​​a neutron star weighs billions of tons.

At the same time, the two poles of the neutron star will eject high-intensity electromagnetic waves.

Some of these electromagnetic waves are visible light, and the neutron star will also rotate at high speed.

So, during this rotation process, if the electromagnetic waves ejected by the two poles of the neutron star shine on the earth

You can see this neutron star flashing in the sky, so this neutron star has another name "pulsar"

But the rotation of pulsars is very stable and can last for tens of billions of years.

Here, pulsars have another function, which is to calculate time.

But for space travel, the flight speed is uncertain, and the flow rate of time will also be biased.

Then the task of unifying time is given to pulsars.

Back to the topic, a terrible fact is that this Betelgeuse is only 600 light years away from the earth.

And when it explodes, it will release a lot of nuclear radiation, that is, gamma rays.

If this gamma ray is facing the earth at the beginning of its explosion, the ozone layer of the earth will be cleared instantly.

At the same time, the last scene that can be seen on the earth is a piece of white.

Except for white, nothing can be seen.

Everything will die in an instant.

In other words, when Betelgeuse exploded, the two poles did not face the earth, and the earth escaped.

According to Lingxi Zhiling's deduction, the dinosaurs at that time may have seen other neutron stars explode and the two poles irradiated the earth.

Currently, Betelgeuse is experiencing an explosion, but it is impossible to infer and calculate whether the two poles are aimed at the earth.

The only plan that can be made is... temporarily leaving the earth and waiting for the results.

And what Shen Bei is doing now coincides with You Wuchang.

The difference is that Shen Bei controls it himself, while You Wuchang relies on Zero...