Chapter 2468 Conquering the Kingdom of Heaven

In the vast majority of religious paintings, it is God who created man out of dust, and then breathed a breath, and man has a soul.

The "Creation of Adam" in Michelangelo's Genesis series of murals uses touch, which is an adaptation of the content of the Bible. If the church insisted on Michelangel's painting strictly according to the content of the Bible when accepting the works , there would be no such painting as "The Creation of Adam".

"Genesis" can be roughly divided into three parts, the first part is the creation of the world, the second part is how the first human beings lived in the Garden of Eden and were driven out, and the third part talks about the later fate of human beings, including Noah's Ark and Noah's drunkenness .

Michelangelo started to paint from the third part. At that time, the master sculptor was not yet proficient in painting skills, and also encountered the problem of damp and moldy paintings. It happened that there were a large number of people in this part of his painting, so the progress of the painting slowed down. People are worrying.

The Pope saw the scene at that time, fearing that he would not be able to see it even if he died, so he kept urging Michelangelo to hurry up.

It is often the most difficult at the beginning, just overcome it. However, although the Pope saw the Sistine ceiling painting half a year before his death, Michelangelo was not necessarily happy.

In the pictures in the third part, the human beings are not wearing clothes. In the second part, Adam and Eve left the Garden of Eden without clothes, which is also inconsistent with the content of the Bible.

Humans know how to wear clothes because they ate the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. God also discovered this and knew that Adam and Eve had violated the taboo. When God created the world in the first part, God wore clothes. Of course, people with discerning eyes will not be mistaken. Adam is naked, and God is clothed.

On such a solemn occasion, where it is not proper to be naked, the pictures could only adorn bathrooms and hotels.

Michelangelo's first male model was Cavalieri. Michelangelo painted him as Zeus's cupbearer Ganymede. He was a Trojan prince in Greek mythology, known for his beauty.

They were together for about five years before a male model named Fiber appeared. Everyone knows that works of art cost a lot of money, and Michelangelo's income is almost the same as that of an Italian banker.

Faber affectionately called Michelangelo "Papa", and Michelangelo generously gave Faber some money and small gifts, and called him a "little blackmailer", which aroused Cavalieri's suspicion and jealousy .

All in all, after a suspected poisoning incident, Michelangelo drove Cavalieri away, and Faber married a woman not long after, and on their wedding night, Faber and his The wives died tragically, and it was suspected that Cavalieri was responsible.

Michelangelo, who was almost 50 years old, was hit not only by the love problem, but the artist was too famous to be "commented", and it happened to be at the time of the religious reform, and the war with Ottoman Turkey and Italy, "Flower Money" Michelangelo is even more eye-catching.

After these exhausting years, Victoria's presence comforted the lost old child.

Victoria knew that her appearance was not liked by her husband, so she studied literature hard, hoping to make up for other aspects of beauty in this way.

But only those who can appreciate aesthetics will understand it. It is a pity that the bold and unrestrained Marquis of Pescara does not understand this aspect. Matchlock guns first became popular in Spain. The "Mushket" musket is about 2 meters long, weighs about 11 kilograms, bullets weigh about 32 grams to 50 grams, and have a caliber of less than 23 millimeters. Placed on a fork-shaped bracket, the maximum range is 250 meters, which can penetrate the armor of the cavalry at that time. The Spanish general Salo de Cordoba formed a mixed "Spanish phalanx" with the support of the king. The musketeers and spearmen were roughly equal, and the musketeers gradually increased. In order to better utilize the power of the arquebus, Córdoba invented a new tactic of great significance - the retreating loading tactic, that is, a musket battle formation generally has 40 ranks, and the gunners lined up in battle are in order. Volley fire, and then along the gap between the rows, one row after another retreats to the rear row to load bullets. This tactic makes up for the defect that the fire rate of the arquebus is too slow, thus ensuring continuous and uninterrupted shooting over and over again. .

This tactic was still used even in the 19th century, but it was the Battle of Pavia that really made the arquebus famous all over the world. On the night of February 24, 1525, about 20,000 Holy Roman Empire troops commanded by the Marquis of Pescara fought in a snowstorm. Under the cover of the French Army, they took a favorable position near Pavia. At dawn, the imperial army had established a defensive line north of and flanking the 28,000 French camp that besieged Pavia. Francois I, who was greatly surprised by this move, immediately ordered the French army to bombard the imperial army, and then he personally led the cavalry to charge, trying to gain time for his infantry to prepare for the battle in the north. But the attack of the French cavalry was repelled, and Francis I was wounded and captured. The Swiss mercenaries on the French flank were thrown into disarray after being attacked by imperial troops. Before one-third of the French army had time to go into battle, it was defeated across the board, with 8,000 casualties, most of them were hit by Spanish arquebusers, and the victorious imperial army lost less than 1,000 people.

Then there was Charles V asking Francois I to sign the treaty, Francois I reneging on it, and Marguerite of Austria signing the Treaty of Cambrai with Francois I's mother.

After that, the Spanish army relied on the power of the matchlock gun to completely defeat the French army, which had a clear numerical advantage, and dominated Europe for decades. After that, France and other countries followed suit one after another, setting up infantry regiments with matchlock guns as the main weapon, and forming a sacrilege alliance with the Ottoman Empire.

With the king captured, Milan returned to the rule of the Holy Roman Emperor. All of Italy was now in Charles' hands, and country after country scrambled for bribes to be allowed to continue. Fearing the invasion of the emperor's army and the revolution against the Medici family in Florence, the pope abandoned his alliance with France and signed a treaty with Lanoir, the governor of Charles in Naples, guaranteeing the mutual assistance of the pope and the emperor. The emperor would protect the Medici family in Florence and accept Fero Sforza as his vicar in Milan; It is urgently needed by the emperor's army. Shortly thereafter, the pope acquiesced in Girolamo Molot's plot to free Milan from the emperor's control. The Marquis of Pescara revealed the conspiracy to Charles, and Girolamo was imprisoned.

The imperial army of 34,000 forced the former French army commander Charles Bourbon to lead them to Rome. These people, like the soldiers under his command, became greedy for Rome, thinking that it was rich and easy to get. Many bandits and deserters from the Allied Army also joined their ranks halfway.

Then came the Sack of Rome. After three days of devastation, the commander ordered the looting to stop, but most of the soldiers did not obey. Meanwhile the pope remains trapped in Castel Sant'Angelo. On June 5, the Pope gave in and promised to pay 4,000 ducats, and was asked to pay a ransom in exchange for the freedom of the captives. Other conditions include ceding territory to the Holy Roman Empire, and the Republic of Venice also took the opportunity to occupy Cervia and Ravenna.

Estimates of the number of Roman residents killed in the incident ranged from 6,000 to 12,000, and the looted property was worth 10 million ducats.

Michelangelo's works are priceless, but unless the Sistine is completely dismantled and reinstalled elsewhere, the Zenith paintings cannot be moved away.

The pope fled to Orvieto and dug a well on the mountain to ensure the water source. This well was later named St. Patrick's Well, named after St. Patrick who discovered hell.

And Clement VII is the posthumous son of Giuliano de' Medici who was assassinated in the "Church of Santa Maria del Fiore". He was raised by Lorenzo de' Medici. Of course, it is not so in Machiavelli's history of Florence. written.

The key reason why Victoria was not involved is that the Marquis of Pescara died in 1525, and Victoria lived in the monastery.

From the very beginning, she had no intention of breaking away from society, and she had correspondence with all outstanding Italian writers. Her sonnets quickly spread in Italy, and her longing for love could not be hindered even on a desert island.

Michelangelo was never married, and Victoria did not intend to be widowed for the Marquis, "You see I am in the chaos of ignorance, lost in the wrong camp, the body is always working to find rest, and the soul is turbulent to find peace" , she joined the Counter-Reformation camp.

Michelangelo refused her all the time, until 1544, when he watched her die, he did not kiss her until he died, he only kissed the back of her hand as a courtesy, if Cavalieri took Michelangelo away Kiro's pleasure, then Victoria took away all his senses.

At this time, the church asked him to paint the murals of the Sistine, Michelangelo painted the Last Judgment, and he himself was also painting, only an empty skin.

Michelangelo has always regarded himself as a sculptor, and he believed that painting was inferior to sculpture. But in the poems he wrote, his hammer became clumsy, driven by an invisible hand, first a god, then a Victoria.

"My whole life has been linked by this mausoleum; I have lost my youth to settle the matter between Leo X and Clement VII; my too-serious conscience has destroyed me. My fate Want me to do this! I have seen many people earn as much as two or three thousand gold coins a year; and I have suffered so much that I am finally poor. People still think that I am a thief!...In front of people, I don’t say that I am in front of God. I consider myself an honest man; I have never deceived anyone...I am not a thief, I am a Florentine gentleman, of noble birth...When I have to defend myself against those bastards, I become mad".

Michelangelo's paintings were considered indecent. At that time, Italy promoted the chastity movement. This activity was promoted to other places. Margaret in Austria had a "secret garden", as did other chaste nuns. See Georgiana in Mechelen been.

After finishing "The Last Judgment", in the face of doubts from the outside world, Michelangelo smiled contemptuously, "it is not worth hitting them, because their victory is insignificant".

The irascible Michelangelo told the Pope peacefully, "This is a small matter, insignificant, and easy to rectify, as long as His Majesty is willing to rectify the world."

Then he's off to finish Julius II's tomb.

Moses was originally a foil in the group of sculptures, but now it has become the center. Moses in the Bible is an octogenarian, but in Michelangelo's sculptures, he still has strong muscles in his prime.

While none of the other slave sculptures in the tomb were finished, it was over for Michelangelo.

Moses once led a people out of Egypt, got rid of the fate of slavery, and wandered in the wilderness.

At this time, some people missed the comfortable life in Egypt. Even if the Lord appeared, they would not be short of food and water. Would they be able to eat it?

After looking into the Promised Land, Moses died on the mountain, and no one knows where his tomb is.

From then on, I can sleep forever without being disturbed, just like the artist who carved the statue of Moses.

For those who don't know how to appreciate it, no matter how beautiful the style is, they can't understand it.

"Happy spirit, with ardent love, kept my dying old heart alive, and you, who only honor me among so many noble souls, if the poor painting I give you is enough to repay your love for me The reward of beautiful and vivid reproduction is presumption and shame."

Michelangelo painted this portrait of Victoria in 1531 in return for the little parchment she gave him filled with poetry.

At that time, Victoria was in Viterbe, and Michelangelo was in Rome to complete the Moses in the tomb of Julius II, so when he painted this painting, Victoria did not stand in front of the painter like other portrait painters, but Michelangelo drew it from memory.

In June of that same year, Michelangelo fell ill, and the new pope tried to comfort him, but to no avail. Michelangelo was exhausted, emaciated, poorly fed, and sleep deprived, and he suffered from headaches for a year. On November 21, the Pope issued an order to prohibit Michelangelo from doing any work except the tomb of Julius II and the tomb of the Medici family, otherwise he would be expelled from the church.

"I got a gift today."

Georgiana began with an ink-soaked quill on the letter-paper, and then hesitated.

The sonnet is not a uniquely British literary form, although William Shakespeare was known for his proficiency in writing sonnets.

As it is written in a poem, "My eyes are like a picture frame, engraving your beauty in my heart."

Who would have thought that such a strong David and Moses were all completed by a thin man?

People bemoan the twilight of beauties, but most of us will age silently, and no one will know about it, so we can't be lamented.

But no matter how ordinary people are, they also have individuality. This is also the essence of humanism. Human nature is complicated. Everyone has desires. The church advocates abstinence, to pursue the qualifications to go to heaven after death, why not pursue real happiness while alive? ?

"Michelangelo gave it to his love Victoria, can you believe it? He never kissed her until his death."

At this point she paused again, if he had controlled himself and nothing had happened by the canal, what would have happened?

God created the world in seven days, but he couldn't go back to the first day of creation and start from scratch.

Even God has no chance to repent, let alone human beings.

She put down the quill and returned to the living room. The inspiration has gone, and it is useless to continue to sit there, although she is not writing poetry.