Chapter 3055 adamas (eight)

The public life of Athens included the Citizens' Assembly, the People's Court, the Council of Five Hundred, the Square and the Theater, where every Athenian citizen could meet, converse, negotiate and be judged.

It is said that the Romans once sent envoys to Athens to study the codes of the Greeks. They not only brought back the codes, but also brought back other things, such as drama and literature.

At that time, it was in the Hellenistic period, and many areas were influenced by Greek civilization. It was once said that as long as you learn a language, you can travel from Athens to India without hindrance.

Pomona got up from the pool, walked down the stone steps to the edge of the pool, and dried her hair with a towel.

The Polyjuice Potion had expired while she was in the pool just now, and she was back to "the way it was".

She thought as she brushed her hair.

In the twelfth century there was a commentator on Roman law named Burgarus who, along with three others, reintroduced Roman law into medieval Europe.

According to Burgarus, if a pack of wolves has taken away some of the sheep, a nearby farmer sent his hounds to chase the wolves and managed to save some of the sheep. As long as the lost thing can be recovered, it is still the property of the original owner. If not, he loses the exclusive right.

Just like those animals captured on land and water, when they regain freedom in a state of freedom, their ownership no longer belongs to the person who captured them.

Ownership of wild animals hunted in traps cannot be acquired by the mere fact that the stranger who takes the game out of the trap is not guilty of theft.

One day he and his disciple were driving to the outskirts of Bologna. They ran into a wild boar that had fallen into a trap. The disciple wanted to take the wild boar away. When he is stopped by Bulgarus, he quotes what Bulgarus said in class.

"True," replied Bourgarus, "we have no fear of being sued, but concern for our reputation should keep us from doing so, and I worry more about scandal than about the outcome."

Pomona put down the towel in his hand, sighed, and looked at the "lace" pajamas again.

The traps were not just traps, but pits and snares, and next to the towel lay the pajamas she was going to wear later, the lace Liz made from the silk spun by spiders.

If she didn't feel that way about not thinking of butterflies, now she doesn't want to wear it so much.

At night, the temperature control system in the greenhouse started to work, and the plants sprayed out fine water mist to lower the temperature, which was actually not so hot.

"If you don't wear this, what are you wearing?" Pomona muttered, putting down the towel and putting on her pajamas.

She didn't know how long Snape would be haunted by Stringer, but she estimated that he would not come again, unless he could not return to the castle at night in front of Stringer, but went to a female teacher's place instead.

Even if Sprout was bloated and unattractive, she also had many magical plants, some of which were contraband, that were needed to make potions.

So she boldly wore this outfit and returned to the preparation room.

A cold shower can make people wake up, and she is not so anxious to go to bed immediately, planning to find a book to read.

Then she looked up, looked outside, and shook her head disapprovingly.

The voices of the ghosts were too loud, so she turned on the phonograph in the corner of the preparation room, played the music, and deliberately raised the volume to cover up their noise.

The novel she found was written by a wizard about a swamp digger who ate too many mandrakes and fell in love with a girl near the swamp, and went to say hello to her.

"Oh, what is this?" the girl asked.

"I'm Peat, dear," whistled the Marsh Digger.

"You look so ugly." The girl said with disgust.

In order to get the girl's love, the swamp digger asked a wizard to turn him into a human, but it was impossible. A human prince might be turned into a frog, but a frog cannot be turned into a prince.

However, the wizard petrified it and made it into a handsome statue, but it couldn't move, and was placed by the wizard by the side of the swamp.

One day the girl passed the sculpture, and the statue whistled as usual, this time the girl was moved.

She invited the sculpture to join her in the ball, which is what it wanted, but the wizard's magic made it immobile, and it could only watch the girl invite other dance partners.

There is a common-sense problem with this story, that the swamp diggers are not slime, but magical creatures that live in mud, but there is at least some merit in this story compared to what Lockhart wrote.

Not even magic is omnipotent enough to ensure your success. It's like the little mermaid sacrificed her voice to get human legs, but she didn't get it in the end. Instead of relying on the magic of the fairy godmother like Cinderella, she got the love of the prince at the ball.

So she threw the storybook aside and lay down on the bed.

It wasn't until she slept for a while that she realized that the phonograph hadn't been turned off, and the music didn't really cover the voices of the ghosts, on the contrary it seemed even louder.

Distraught, she covered her head with a blanket, as if it would calm her down.

"Clang~"

She heard a crisp sound, and when she woke up, she found a Roman standing in front of her, holding a copper balance in his hand, with a copper coin on one end of the balance, and the sound just now seemed to be made by him .

As for why she could recognize the other party as a Roman at once... Muggle movies always act like that, but the other party is not an ancient Roman nobleman, but a commoner.

Then when she was still confused, she was grabbed by the arm and took a few steps forward, and then "handed over" to another person.

It was a total stranger to her, although he also had black hair and dark eyes.

Wait a moment.

She looked around and found that there were five "witnesses" and "actors" who looked like her parents, and suddenly understood what was going on.

Congratulations, you just got married, my dear, and the Mansi Phrath ceremony was still used. The copper coin thrown on the copper balance just now is a sign of "change hands".

Although the degree of Hellenization of Rome far exceeded that of Carthage, some things from the ancient Roman monarchy era and even before have been preserved.

Before her future "husband" could take her hand, Pomona turned and ran, with the others chasing after her, yelling at her to stop.

In fact, that Roman looks pretty good, but that’s not the point. The Manzipazu ceremony is used in many places, and the slave and livestock transactions are also possible. The only difference is that they are the transfer of property rights, while she is patriarchal and husbandly. handover.

After the introduction of the Greek system, the Romans in the early days of the republic would read their wills at the Citizens' Assembly, and only such wills would have legal effect. Only in this way would the private law be made public.

The Manxi Pazu Ceremony can also be transferred, but only one item can be transferred at a time, such as her bride. There are often a lot of inheritance, so people will bring an "appendix" in the ceremony, through which they can bequeath items and free slaves. The slave who paid the heir 10 gold coins to get free just didn't know that this appendix existed. In the appendix He was given unconditional freedom.

Compared with the pre-conference will, the Manzipa inheritance does not require so many witnesses, and the testator does not want to appear in front of the public in his dying appearance.

However, at this time, the Manzipa will is still an oral will, and it will not become a formal civil law until the Twelve Tables Law is added. It is said that before the civilians left, they also experienced the plague, so the nobles had to compromise.

It was also at this time that the High Priests replaced the augurs as interpreters of the law.

The Twelve Tables Law stipulates two ways of bequest, that is, the bequest of real rights and the bequest of creditor's rights. If the will says that something belongs to someone, it does not necessarily belong to him. People hand over items to the donee. Of course, he does not give it to the donee, and the donee has nothing to do with him. Before Augustus legislated to protect the trust system, it was maintained by obligation and integrity.

If the heir who has inherited the creditor's rights gives everything, what will he use to repay the debt left by the testator?

The vast majority of people hope to increase their property through testamentary inheritance, and if they lose money, they will not inherit.

Octavian was the adopted son of Caesar. No one expected that Caesar would die so suddenly. Anyway, the whole of Rome was stunned.

The Bronze Table Law stipulates that the clan has the legal right of inheritance. However, in the royal government era, in order to avoid the situation of no heir, it was allowed to obtain an heir through "adoption". However, adoption is a complicated process. First, the biological father of the child must give up his paternity. , the child becomes a self-righteous person.

Caesar had children of his own, although his legal wife did not give birth to him, but his illegitimate children did, such as the child named Caesarion born to Cleopatra.

I don’t know when, people feel that Manzipa’s will is also inappropriate. People write their wills in envelopes, seal them with sealing wax, and give them to just people for safekeeping. Caesar’s will is kept in the Vestal Virgin in hand.

In principle, people must ensure the effectiveness of the Manzipazu ceremony, for example, all five witnesses must be adult Roman citizens, and minors cannot be counted. However, even if it is not implemented, the recipient of the real right will obtain the ownership after one year. This "acquisition of inheritance limitation" system appeared together with the Mansi Pazu ceremony. Even if the husband did not perform the ceremony just now with his wife, the After the expiry of the year, the husband's rights will also be obtained.

Octavian was suppressing the rebellion in Gaul at that time, and if anything supported him, the inheritance of Caesar would be inherited in accordance with the order of heirs in the Copper Table Law.

In addition to Octavian, there was originally a second in line heir, but he participated in the assassination of Caesar, followed by Anthony, but he was not the heir, but the executor of the will. The gold coins have all been moved to their own vaults.

When Octavian came back to hold a funeral for Caesar and send money to the Romans according to Caesar's will, he could only see an empty treasury. Later, Octavian asked Anthony for it. Anthony was busy with a new military plan, and the money would be discussed after his triumphant return.

The Greeks saw donations to public works as a means of offsetting the negative effects of wealth, while the Romans preferred the Colosseum and triumphal ceremonies. Caesar was kidnapped by pirates when he was young. The pirates offered him 30 talents. He laughed and said he would give them 50 talents. The pirates immediately treated him as a guest of honor.

When a person owes too much money, the creditor is reluctant to let him die. Caesar has always been very generous. When he was a city magistrate, he paid for the common people to participate in various entertainment and sports activities.

Although there are many magnificent buildings in Rome, there is no money to buy tickets, and the wonderful life has nothing to do with the common people. Caesar's approach made him popular with the citizens, so when he appeared in the Colosseum wearing a purple silk robe, he faced The audience roared with cheers.

He is also very generous to his lover, not only giving him a villa, but also giving his mistress a priceless black pearl necklace.

Cleopatra ate 10,000,000 sesterces for a meal, and the most valuable thing was the pearls on her earrings, which she soaked in vinegar and drank.

In addition, there are army bounties and the cost of triumphal ceremonies. Caesar had so many expeditions during his lifetime, which one did not cost money?

Compared with these debts, the money that Caesar promised to send to the Romans was not too large, but it was not so easy to raise.

Caesar also donated his house as a public place for Roman citizens. Octavian didn't want to donate it, and there was another executor, Anthony.

Even if most of Caesar's debts had been paid off with the spoils of the Roman legion's many raids, the inheritance left to Octavian would not increase the value of Octavian's wealth.

At that time, there was a rich man named Crassus in the city of Rome. He was Caesar's biggest creditor, but he had a bad reputation. He not only engaged in the slave trade, but also illegally seized other people's property.

Once he fell in love with the villa of the Virgin of Vesta, and he stalked and pursued her, making people think that he had an affair with the virgin.

Crassus repaid the debts for Caesar, and Caesar raised Crassus's political status. When Octavian inherited the "Caesar's legacy", he was already one of the three giants. So when Octavian sought Crassus' support, Crassus did not agree.

With the heir's creditor's rights, the debt collector can go to Octavian to pay back the money. However, Caesar did not leave nothing to Octavian, that is, the huge reputation spread all over Europe, Asia and Africa.

Julius Caesar may not have conquered as much land as Alexander the Great, but Rome conquered Greece, and even the goddess of love was renamed Venus.

In addition to the Memphis wedding, there was also a communal food marriage in ancient Rome, but it was not Cupid who witnessed this wedding, but the goddess of grain or Jupiter, as if to say that marriage and love must be related?

Caesar was the priest of Eros, but Octavian rebuilt the Temple of Jupiter. Unlike Caesar and Antony, Augustus not only did not love Cleopatra, but there were few large-scale foreign wars during his tenure , all domestic activities are carried out for smooth trade.

He abolished the tax system in favor of land and poll taxes, which required registration.

The Werewolf Registry is for the convenience of werewolf management, but whoever registers on it is equivalent to having a "criminal record". If they hide it, they may be able to integrate into human social life, just like Remus Lupine.

Spark has not been registered, and humans are used to thinking that it belongs to the personal property of external professors, and there is no law or custom that requires professors to disclose personal property.

Like other living animals in the forest, Spark and Russ are just partners. Russ did not capture it, nor does he have ownership of it. It is naturally free.

At this moment, a huge force came from behind, and Pomona felt thrown down.

Before she could turn her head to see who was throwing her down, she felt dizzy, and when she got up, the blanket covering her head fell off.

She was back in the greenhouse again.

Pomona shook her head, stood up in a daze, and looked "out of the window" after a while, where Snape was standing outside looking at her with a gloomy face.

Before she screamed, she unconsciously picked up the blanket to cover herself, although the lace pajamas covered everything.

He didn't break through the window, but walked towards the entrance, and she wrapped herself in a blanket in a panic, picked up her wand and walked in that direction.

She wanted to keep him out of the door, that was the only thing she could think of, not to mention she was dressed like this.

At the same time, she made up her mind that she would never wear this pajamas again, not only because of the reason in front of her, but also because of the strange dream just now.