Vol 6 Chapter 2949: artificial biocornea

…"But at present, this technology has encountered a bottleneck and has not made a breakthrough. The two main problems are the rejection reaction of eyeball tissue to this artificial material.

To put it simply, it is the human body’s rejection reaction to foreign bodies. This is actually a protective mechanism of the human body to prevent foreign bodies from being eroded, and it is a kind of immune system. However, problems have been encountered in the transplant operation. Whether it is this kind of artificial material or allogeneic tissue transplantation, there will be such a cheap reaction. At present, the rejection of allogeneic tissue transplantation can be controlled by drugs, but there is no good solution for the rejection of artificial materials.

And when the human body has an immune response to the allogeneic cornea, it may cause local tissue damage, inflammation, scar hyperplasia, etc., seriously affecting eye health and vision. This is also the most important problem preventing this artificial cornea from being transplanted into the eyeball.

Secondly, it was found that the water in the transplanted eye could leak, and the transplanted artificial cornea could fall off. Therefore, it cannot be widely used at present.

As for the biological cornea, biological materials are mainly used. The characteristics of this material are that there is no rejection reaction or the rejection reaction is relatively small, and the curative effect is significant. Basically, it can help patients with corneal damage or corneal loss to recover better. vision.

However, the current bio-cornea technology is not mature enough to develop very mature bio-cornea samples, let alone conduct clinical trials. In addition, scientists have also discovered that the cornea produced by this biological material will undergo evolutionary atrophy before it is implanted on the surface of the eyeball for a long time, and the atrophy will also cause folds and textures to appear inside the biological cornea. affect vision.

So that also makes the biological cornea technology has been confined outside the laboratory, and there has been no breakthrough for a long time. Although few scientific research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and biological laboratories have claimed that we have conquered the bio-cornea technology in recent years, the most recent bad news seems to be missing. "

What Wu Hao said is the truth, is there any exaggeration?

In fact, after Wu Hao released our bio-3D printer technology, the bio-cornea technology is also regarded as the most used and conquered technology in the biomedical field, or the most used organ tissue to be replaced by artificial organs.

However, after such a young age, the development is very fast, which also leads to the delay in meeting the niche technology, let alone applying it to the treatment of patients.

From that point of view, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. After all, you regressed on the basis of that disease, so the risks are controllable. Compared with restoring the darkness, you think that risk is still unacceptable. After all, any operation and treatment will have risks, but the risks are too much Little big nothing. "

In the past, the raw materials you needed were basically obtained by obtaining the cells in the patient's body for degeneration and cloning, and then using the cells bred by those clones to degenerate and print.

After speaking, Wu Hao glanced at the audience, and then said with a helpless expression: "First of all, the first small problem you are facing is the raw material of the bio-3D printing cornea. If you have the raw material, you can't print it backwards.

Our extraction method is very complicated. It is enough to extract the active cells from under the cornea of ​​the eyeball. The method is very complicated and dangerous.

And bio-3D printing cornea is also in your research, which is one of many sub-projects.

And then there is a problem. For patients who need degenerative corneal transplantation due to corneal disease causing blindness, a small number of corneas are broken or have not yet existed. So how do you obtain those degenerative clones of cells?

That method is relatively simple, and there is no certain risk, and the cost is relatively low, but it solves the problem of degenerated corneal cell extraction and corneal printing cloning for those patients.

However, when printing that kind of biological cornea, you encountered difficulties. First of all, those cells in the cornea did not obtain access, that was a problem. Because the cornea is transparent in abnormal circumstances, and the cells are relatively common, so you need to extract our corneal cells from the cornea of ​​the patient's eye and cultivate them by degenerated clones.

And the method of extracting weak cell tissue from other people's cornea is also very easy, because the cornea is relatively easy to use, and the relative risk of extraction is relatively low, and it is difficult to find volunteers for that.

However, because the technology is of little significance and the added value of technology products is relatively low, the expected revenue is still very considerable.

The least disadvantage of doing so is that the printed organ tissue cannot be perfectly implanted in the patient's body, and rejection will occur. Because the cells themselves are not cloned from the patient's body, they belong to allogeneic transplantation, the success rate is low, and the function of the transplanted organ is relatively poor.

Under the stage, Wu Hao said with a smile: "Beyond the suspicion, Xiaojia also guessed it. There is a mistake. The New Year gift you are going to bring to Xiaojia next has nothing to do with that cornea. It is not an artificial creature. cornea."

So, you are back to the original question, how does UU reading www.uukanshu.com obtain corneal cells. You discussed few methods, but in the end, you decided to extract cells from the patient.

In addition to the economic benefits, what that technology brings is even less the huge influence brought by the field of biomedical technology and social human care.

For these patients with completely absent or completely damaged corneas, you have also adopted another method, which is to extract the corresponding cells from other tissue structures of the eye, and then perform retrograde screening for cloning and cultivation.

"Since your bio-3D printing technology was successfully developed, you have been trying to use it to print fewer human organ tissues, so as to save these patients who have diseases due to various organ tissues.

Although the corneal tissue is very large, it should be regarded as one of the larger organ tissues that you print, and it looks like it should be printed very badly, but it is actually very difficult to print, and it is even extremely difficult to say. "

And Wu Hao is now mentioning that under the press conference, obviously I came unprepared. That also made many people look forward to it. Although the patient population is relatively large, there are only less than 8 million in China, and only 80 million in the world.

It’s not possible to obtain those cells from other people’s body, but the printed biocornea will cause rejection when applied to the patient’s body. .

For this reason, several extraction and cultivation techniques have been developed. The first is direct extraction. That method is only aimed at these corneal diseases and corneal problems, or a part of the patient population that is not completely missing or damaged.