Chapter 393 Penicillin

After discussions with Ambassadors Winster and Crete, Arthur made a very generous decision to provide 200,000 reinforcements to France within three months, and in the following war, at least 200,000 combat troops would be transported to Europe every year. , to relieve the pressure on the British and French coalition forces.

This also means that Australasia will send at least one million expeditionary troops in this war, and the contribution is not insignificant, at least that's what Arthur thinks.

In order to make up for Australasia's huge contribution, Australasia will receive priority in selecting some of Germany's industrial equipment, technology and technology.

It plays a vital role in making up for some of Australasia's industrial base. Using the achievements of Germany's development over the past few decades can directly bring Australasia's heritage to a higher level.

In order to express his sincerity, after the two representatives left, Arthur called Defense Minister Raul and ordered the Ministry of National Defense to immediately start recruiting new indigenous soldiers and train at least 200,000 combat troops within two months. Then transported to the European battlefield.

Of course, going to the battlefield is also a way to temper soldiers. Therefore, these indigenous soldiers do not need to undergo too rigorous training. They only need to be proficient in using weapons and be able to obey the commander's orders.

Anyway, what the European battlefield needs is cannon fodder, not elite soldiers. No matter how elite the soldiers are, they will have to pay huge casualties in the face of a protracted war of attrition.

In this case, enough cannon fodder becomes particularly important. The biggest role of the 200,000 indigenous troops in Australasia is to replace the British and French allied forces to die, using human lives to fill the Allied Powers' weakness in the combat effectiveness of their soldiers.

This also means that all the indigenous troops sent by Australasia, including these 200,000 indigenous troops, will face very serious casualties.

But Arthur didn't feel bad either. For Australasia, the casualties of millions of indigenous people are nothing, but beneficial to the development of the country.

It is also a good thing that the indigenous people in Australasia have been exhausted. At least it can save the government enough energy and no longer have to waste time transferring these indigenous people.

Of course, the indigenous people in Australasia are not endless, and they are likely to be exhausted in such a tragic war of attrition.

But Arthur didn't panic. Because of its Australasian neighbor, the Dutch East Indies had tens of millions of indigenous people.

If there is really a shortage of local people, the worst case scenario is to ask neighbors to borrow them. Anyway, the Dutch in the Dutch East Indies had no say, this land had to listen to the Australasians.

This is probably the tragedy of small and weak countries. Although the Dutch East Indies is the most important colony of the Netherlands, this area was previously surrounded by the colonies of the British Empire, and now it is too close to Australasia, one of the great powers, and it is impossible to gain much autonomy.

To put it bluntly, Australasia even has the ability to occupy the entire Dutch East Indies at any time. Just relying on its relationship with Britain and Russia, the Dutch can only break their teeth and swallow it in their stomachs without even daring to fart.

This is also the truth of the current society and even of this world since ancient times.

The strong make the truth and the weak abide by the truth.

Unless we have the confidence to challenge the strong, led by Britain, like Germany, the world order will never be broken, and the weak will always be weak.

The 200,000 indigenous troops are just an episode. For Arthur, no matter how many indigenous people there are, they are just cannon fodder.

As long as Arthur was willing, with the population of the Dutch East Indies, there would be no problem in forming an army of millions of indigenous people.

However, the stability and combat capability of such an army are all problems, and it is destined to become cannon fodder.

Fortunately, the current battlefield in France only needs cannon fodder. It is no coincidence that Australasia has more channels to make contributions, and these indigenous people also have more ways to contribute to the world.

As for the resettlement of the indigenous people killed and injured in the war, Arthur generously said that it could be left to Britain and France to handle it themselves.

Those who were not seriously injured were treated and continued on the battlefield. Those who died were buried on the spot. Tens of thousands of people could only be buried in a big pit.

Of course, after all, they are contributing to the Australasian government. For all the indigenous people who died in the war, Arthur would also fulfill his promise to give freedom to their families.

The family members of all Aboriginal people killed in the war will receive a sum of money sufficient to allow them to travel to other areas, and will be escorted by a fleet organized by the Australasian government to Southeast Asia or Africa.

Don't even think about taking Australasian citizenship. Yellow people can, but Arthur has no idea of ​​accepting black people.

Of course, this isn't racial discrimination, it's just that Arthur simply hates chocolate.

After all, the few East Asian immigrants are living well in Australasia. Isn't this a testament to Arthur's equal treatment of every race?

As for chocolate, I’m sorry, isn’t that a specialty of African gorillas? Australasia does not have the habit of eating monkey brains and does not welcome gorillas.

In addition to the training of the indigenous army, the pharmaceutical group established by the royal consortium received news that Arthur was very interested in.

The Pharmaceutical Group was specially established by Arthur before World War I and was responsible for the scientific research, manufacturing and talent training of all medicine and drugs.

And this news came from the biological research laboratory of the pharmaceutical group, a place that Arthur spent a lot of money to build.

The head of the Biological Research Laboratory is Alexander Fleming, a biologist in his early 30s and a British-Australasian.

Fleming, together with his mentor Wright, was invited to Australasia four years ago and became an honorary professor of biology at the then Australasian National University to conduct research in biochemistry.

Arthur has never forgotten the expert who discovered penicillin. After the establishment of the pharmaceutical group, Arthur asked Kent Butler to immediately hire Fleming as the exclusive head of the largest biological research laboratory under the pharmaceutical group to engage in immune drug research.

This research direction is the same as that of his mentor Wright, and it is also Fleming's current major.

Penicillin is a drug of great significance to mankind. Arthur has done some research on the history of the discovery of penicillin.

If Arthur remembers correctly, there were too many coincidences in the discovery of penicillin. Time, temperature, and culture environment are all important factors that are indispensable.

However, Arthur remembered the discovery process of lysozyme. After reminding Fleming, he asked Fleming to conduct research on antibacterial and immunity to prevent wound infections, and create a vaccine or drug to reduce the current risk of wound infections.

In order to speed up the development of penicillin, Arthur's investment was not small.

Since the discovery of penicillin was too coincidental, the number of experiments should be expanded to promote the coincidental discovery of penicillin.

For Fleming's research, so far in four years, Arthur has invested more than 4 million Australian dollars, hundreds of biology experts and professors, and hundreds of biological research workers to conduct a large number of experiments and Research.

The hard work paid off, and on January 9, 1915, Arthur finally received the news that Fleming had discovered penicillin.

The research on penicillin was full of twists and turns. First, lysozyme needed to be discovered. Fortunately, Arthur remembered the discovery process of lysozyme relatively clearly, so he discovered lysozyme more than three years ago.

But lysozyme is still quite far away from penicillin. After three years of research and a large number of experiments, penicillin was finally discovered.

The discovery of penicillin must be guaranteed by a variety of conditions. First, Penicillium spores of unknown origin must fall into the culture medium of Staphylococcus aureus.

Second, the culture medium should be placed at room temperature, not the 37 degrees Celsius environment that is most suitable for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.

Third, the climate environment of Australasia. It is worth mentioning that in early December, when Australasia emerged, the climate was not hot and even very cool, so it was very suitable for Penicillium to grow and mature first and produce penicillin.

By mid-to-late December, the temperature had risen significantly, which was more suitable for the rapid growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Only then did bacteriolysis occur in the culture medium, prompting Fleming to discover penicillin in the culture medium, which also led to bacteriolysis. The main culprit of the phenomenon.

After Arthur rushed to the research laboratory of the pharmaceutical group, Fleming was still conducting his own research.

Fleming's character is a down-to-earth, silent, and unassuming person.

Even though he had completed Arthur's mission and discovered penicillin, he did not show excessive joy, but continued to immerse himself in his research.

Arthur did not disturb Fleming's research, but stood aside and watched Fleming's operations with interest.

After an unknown amount of time, Fleming finished the operation and was about to take off his gloves and wash his hands when he noticed Arthur not far behind him. He quickly stood up straight and was about to salute and say hello.

"It doesn't matter, Mr. Fleming, continue your research. Your contribution to the discovery of penicillin this time is the greatest. Once penicillin can be completely isolated and purified, everyone in the laboratory will have a huge contribution. Fleming Mr. Ming, please work hard for a while. When penicillin can be mass-produced, I will personally congratulate you and all the experts in the laboratory!" Arthur waved his hand, stopped Fleming's salute, and said with a smile.

In its original history, it took more than ten years between the discovery of penicillin and its formal use.

Of course, this is because Fleming did not pay attention to the role of penicillin and therefore did not conduct a lot of research. It is also because it is difficult to isolate and purify penicillin.

Scientific research work not only requires sufficient ability, but also a trace of luck.

The discovery of penicillin was a coincidence, and the purification of penicillin was actually the result of both hard work and coincidence.

The isolation and purification of penicillin requires several steps. First, isolate the bacterial strain and increase the yield of penicillin.

Second, extract penicillin crystals, discover molds that can provide more penicillin, and develop culture solutions that can produce penicillin.

By preparing the culture medium, Penicillium can be mass-produced. With a large amount of Penicillium, a large amount of Penicillin can be purified, thus promoting the mass production of Penicillin.

As for the application of penicillin, Fleming also planned to start detailed research.

What is currently certain is that penicillin has a good antibacterial effect. However, for wound infections and various bacterial infections, a large number of experiments are still needed to ensure that penicillin will not cause too much harm to the human body and can be officially put into commercial use as a drug.

Although Arthur knew that this was a drug that would make a huge difference to mankind, he could not make an unfounded decision without convincing experimental results.

Anyway, the current casualties in Australasia are not large, and the demand for mass production of penicillin is not that high.

Now that penicillin has been discovered, it is not that difficult to purify and mass-produce penicillin.

With the royal family consortium spending a lot of money, it was not difficult to speed up the mass production of penicillin.

And Arthur is now thinking about what reward to give Fleming.

A Victoria Memorial Medal is certainly indispensable. This medal also often represents the title of honorary knighthood and an annual subsidy of A$5,200.

Coupled with an award of 500,000 Australian dollars, a villa in the center of Sydney, and an increase in job benefits, it was almost the reward Arthur planned to give Fleming.

Don't underestimate this Victoria Memorial Medal. This is the first time Arthur has awarded the Victoria Memorial Medal to citizens since he promulgated this medal. This shows how difficult it is to obtain the Victoria Memorial Medal.

In fact, it has always been Arthur's plan to improve the specifications of the three medals and ensure their gold content.

So far, not to mention the Victoria Memorial Medal, including the Royal Knights Medal and the National Medal of Australasia, all the people who have received medals can be counted on one hand.

As for the noble title of honorary knight, only three people have received it so far.

In addition to Evan, the first prime minister who played the most important role, there were also Sir Silvio and Sir Silvio, the commanders of the 1st and 2nd Divisions who were rewarded by Arthur when he wanted to quickly establish a military-industrial system in the Australasian army. Sir Filitz.

This also means that Fleming is likely to become the fourth knight of Australasia and join the Australasian aristocratic system.

Of course, it is quite possible that the aristocratic system in Australasia expanded after the First World War.

After all, the interests of the nobility and the monarch are consistent. Only by having more aristocrats can the interests of Arthur and the royal family be protected.

Especially these new nobles who were entrusted by Arthur himself. If they want to maintain their rights, they must support Arthur's rule.

With Arthur's support, their rights and status can be maintained in Australasia.

This is different from those traditional European nobility. The new Australasian nobility are just nobility with empty titles, no actual fiefdom, and no army.

And because they are new nobles, they don't have any background. The only way they could maintain their power and status was to unite under Arthur's rule and protect the Australasian monarchy.

After all, if the monarchy of Australasia disappears, these nobles entrusted by Arthur will naturally disappear.

Nobles can never stand out from the monarch. After all, the monarch is the largest noble and the representative of all nobles.

In order to win over all the nobles, although the new nobles of Australasia do not have any territory, they can receive an annual fund from the royal family according to the level of their titles. (Honorary knights can receive three times the per capita annual income of the year)

If the noble level is sufficient, they can also obtain a small area of ​​​​land rewarded by Arthur to build their own private manors and castles.

This also led to the fact that although the new aristocrats in Australasia did not have their own territory, as long as they were obedient and knew how to safeguard the interests of the royal family, they could live a good life, at least being a rich man was no problem.

Arthur also planned to establish a joint consortium among the nobles. The royal consortium would give up part of its profits every year to some big nobles to completely win over the Australasian aristocracy.

Of course, this is still a long way from Australia at the moment. After all, there are currently no major nobles in Australasia (except Arthur), only three honorary knights, and there is no need to form a joint consortium of nobles.

The first update of 4,400 words, please vote for me and support!

Today, it is 10,000 per day and has been updated to 4400/10000. Please vote for me and support me!