Chapter 1968: See you again
After initially solving the problem of mercury poisoning, Marin began to prepare for the production of mercury tinned glass mirrors. The imitation of the silver frame is very simple, and the carving on the silver frame is the same as that of the Venetian.
The problem of transparent glass, Marin here is also easy to get up. Even, the quality is better than the Venetian optical glass.
Actually, Beihai has two grades of optical glass. One is lead glass with slightly lower quality; the other is high-quality glass that has been chemically treated with quartz sand and is generally used as a military telescope.
The principle of lead glass is very simple, is to add lead oxide. After adding lead oxide, the viscosity and melting temperature of the glass have decreased, which is very convenient for glass processing. After all, when processing glass products, the most feared thing is that the viscosity of the glass melt is so great that it is difficult to make the desired shape. But if the viscosity is lowered, it is much easier to make items.
In addition, lower melting temperature is also beneficial. The advantage is that when the hot molten glass is gradually cooled, the hardening speed is slower, which is more convenient for the craftsman to process complex points.
Since Marin promoted the use of coal and lead oxide in the Beihai Glass Manufacturing Plant, the manufacturing speed of Beihai glassware has reached a new level. As for quality, it's great. After all, lead glass is very light-transmissive and suitable for window glass.
However, lead glass also has a problem, that is, it is best not to use it as a container for food, especially for hot soup. Because the lead ions in the lead glass are easily dissociated after being affected by the high temperature of the hot soup, and are absorbed by those who drink the soup. When making a wine glass, it is also easy to precipitate lead ions in the wine.
Therefore, Marin has always prohibited the use of lead glass for food and beverage tools, and only allowed for the manufacture of window glass and other craft products. As for eating utensils and wine glasses, Marin only allows the most basic green glass. Although it's not good-looking, it is better at safety and health.
Of course, optical glass made by chemically processing quartz sand can also be used to make tableware and wine glasses. However, the cost is higher.
The so-called chemical treatment method is actually to crush the quartz sand into powder and put it in sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid solution for "cleaning". Quartz sand is silica, which is insoluble in acid. However, impurities such as iron ions can be washed away by acid.
So, after pickling the quartz sand powder, and then taking it out and washing it, it is used to make glass. There are very few impurities, and optical glass can be made.
However, in this era, the chemistry is not well developed, and the cost of manufacturing acid is very high. Moreover, just grinding the extremely hard quartz sand into powder, the cost is very high. Therefore, the high-quality optical glass produced by this method is generally only used to make military telescopes. Lead glass is the main force of transparent glass.
In fact, the quality of lead glass is slightly worse than that of chemically treated optical glass. Moreover, the cost is much lower. It is not impossible to make telescopes with lead glass. But that was the future. Now, Marin first uses lead glass to make glass mirrors.
Moreover, the quality of lead glass seems to be a little better than that of Venetian glass made of manganese dioxide (also known as pyrolusite). Because the Venetian manganese glass had good light transmittance at first. But after a long time, it will easily become lilac glass. It seems that the manganese ions are oxidized again, forming a purple manganate substance similar to potassium permanganate, which makes the glass's light transmittance drop and becomes "old glass". The lead glass in Beihai seems to have no similar problems. Anyway, it was used as a mirror, but not a hot soup. There should not be much precipitation of lead ions.
In other words, overall, the quality of the pirated mercury-tinned tin foil glass mirrors in Beihai was slightly better. Moreover, after cleaning the sulfur powder, the safety is better.
The only problem is that if the tin foil layer is not coated with varnish, when the sulfur powder is buried and heated, the tin foil layer and sulfur will easily react to produce tin sulfide, also known as gold powder.
However, if the tin foil layer is well protected with varnish and the heating temperature is not too high, the tin foil layer will not be affected too much.
After completing the mapping and imitation of the mercury-tinned tin foil glass mirrors in Venice, Marin immediately made people start production and produced mercury-tinned tin foil glass mirrors with tin amalgam reaction. The original mirror, which was bought at a high price, was sent to the ship, transported to Panama, and took the Pacific route, sent to the Ming Dynasty, and dedicated to the Emperor Zhengde.
Moreover, Marin specifically emphasized that this is a glazed glass mirror worth more than 20,000 sterling silver, and the first glazed glass mirror in the world. Well, the messenger will tell the Ming Dynasty etiquette that this is the master of the Beihai country, Marin, who spent more than 20,000 two silvers, specially snatched it from a country rich in glaze called Venice and dedicated it to Emperor Ming ...
In this way, the high price, combined with the extraordinary effect, will definitely make Zhengde "Longyan Dayue" with a lot of rewards. Then, Marin was trying to do something bad and bought the **** to speak bad things about the Portuguese. Under the preconceptions, the Portuguese will want to take the relationship later, it will be more difficult ...
Not only the Portuguese, but also the Spanish, Marin will also buy the eunuch's slander, and cut off his idea of learning Marin to be a lord of the Ming Dynasty.
Spain wants to learn Malin when the Ming dynasty was a vassal? Yes, Marin will ask Kong Tai to buy those eunuchs and let them say that-in order to become a Daming vassal, in addition to offering a treasure like the sweet potatoes presented by the Beihai Kingdom, the country's monarch should also come to Daming Only by bowing down to Emperor Ming can we express our sincerity ...
This is more pitted, because the King of Spain and the King of Portugal have always been very proud of themselves and think that their status is equal to that of Emperor Ming. Historically, the national book that Spain gave Columbus to the Chinese emperor was also written in an equal tone.
I want the King of Spain or the King of Portugal to take the risk and go to the Ming Dynasty to bow down and worship the Ming Emperor ... These two countries are definitely not happy ...
Know how dangerous sailing is this year. The monarchs of ordinary countries won't brainstorm their parents and children to participate in the big voyage. What if they die at sea?
Even if Marin had committed a crime, he had to go to Daming, and he was well prepared to hang up at sea, and even wrote his suicide note.
Therefore, just let the Spanish monarch personally run to the Beijing teacher to give the Ming emperor a kowtow, which can cut off the possibility of Spain's success. After all, the Spanish's arrogance is obvious. Otherwise, they would not have a ridiculous idea of sending more than 10,000 troops to conquer the Ming Dynasty.
In fact, the Spaniards were probably inspired by the Japanese pirates, and they also saw the erosion of the Ming Dynasty Southeast Coast Guardhouse before they were born with that kind of thought.
However, the Spanish did not know that there were a lot of elite on the northern border of the Ming Dynasty. Toyotomi Hideyoshi of Japan, but dispatched 200,000 troops to invade North Korea, was also defeated by the Ming army.
Not to mention, the Qi family army left by Qi Jiguang, the last war **** of the Ming Dynasty, was still there. It was really fighting, and Spain could at best harm the southeast coast. Once deep inland, forcing the Ming Dynasty to mobilize the border troops, it is not easy to say. After all, the Ming army was not behind in weapons and equipment at the time. Both the Folang machine gun and the matchlock gun had no pressure from the gold, and they could still cope with it.
In addition, the ancient Chinese people like to use tricks, they may not be poisoned in the food, burn the camp at night, and so on.
Well, there were many civil servants who had more ideas like Wang Mon, and there were many in the Ming Dynasty. What's more, the time when Spain planned to invade was not the time when the peasant army and Houjin worked together to disrupt the Chongzhen period. As long as the Ming Dynasty can concentrate its strength, it is still very strong. Didn't see that the Ming Dynasty suppressed the Yao uprising, did they dispatch 160,000 troops?
In addition, in this era, even if the Spanish learned the Spanish phalanx, they could not transport tens of thousands of troops to the Far East.
Of course, Marin will stab Spain in the back while pretending to be a good person. For example, to share the benefits of silk and porcelain with Spain, to win their favor. After all, Spain is stronger at this time, and Marin does not want to match France with other powers ...
It is foreseeable that Spain may send a fake monarch to pretend to kowtow in exchange for the tribute of the Ming Dynasty. Even Malin ’s spies in Spain have already heard that the Spaniards are discussing whether to use this strategy to defraud tribute trade qualifications. By then, who will uncover the lies becomes a problem ...
Kong Tai's side can naturally debunk. However, they cannot stand up. After all, the North Sea State and Spain are "allies ~ www.wuxiaspot.com ~" Therefore, in the future, it is necessary for a third party to come forward to stab the Spaniard to expose their possible tricks.
After thinking about it, Marin hit his mind on the Holy See ...
This operation is also very simple, that is, let the Holy See send missionary priests to station in Guangzhou. Then, Marin will buy a French priest to join them.
When the Spaniards made a fake tribute that fooled the Ming Dynasty, let this French missionary stand up to expose the truth ... The French and Spain are dead enemies, the debunking is not discussed, and it is reasonable ... At that time, the French and Spain continue to tear Push it, it's not about Marin ...
But first, Marin needs to buy such a French missionary. Moreover, it must be ensured that after this person arrives in Guangzhou, he will not deliver useful information to France, so as not to cause France to covet the Chinese property, especially the technology (French missionaries are famous commercial spies) ...
For this reason, Kohler was instructed to find a French priest who did not have a good impression on the motherland and was easy to buy. Then, send him to mission in Guangzhou and wait to stab Spain ...
Marin estimated that, in order to obtain the huge profits of silk and porcelain trade, Spain might then send a false monarch to tribute in the name of the Spice Islands. And the French priest who was bought by Marin, the task at that time was to stand up and expose the truth and tell the Ming Dynasty-the Spaniards are cheating Daming ... Yes, the Spaniards will also be included in the Ming Ming blacklist like Portugal ... …
