Chapter 849: Alchemist

After getting the ether, Marin was washed several times with water to remove the sulfuric acid and alcohol components. Then, it was thrown to Da Vinci for the animal anesthesia test. (The specific process will not be described)

After that, Marin, which had both concentrated nitric acid and ether, suddenly remembered the world's first smokeless gunpowder, B gunpowder, made by a French chemist in 1884. The raw materials are nitrocellulose and paraffin, the specific production process will not tell you (and dare not tell you) ...

The preparation of gunpowder is very simple, but the cost is too expensive. Because the ether in its raw materials is made from alcohol, and alcohol is made from grain. European food prices are now so expensive, obviously the cost is very high. Moreover, Marin now has less concentrated sulfuric acid. After all, Wiltz concentrated sulfuric acid on the Cuban side to allow natural oxidation of sulfurous acid, the process is slow and the output is low. As for the heating and oxidation of oxygen to produce sulfuric acid, Marin knows, but that requires the use of catalyst V2O5 ... This is too professional, Marin does not know how to obtain it ... Therefore, it can only be obtained by soil, but the amount of sulfuric acid is definitely a bit less……

Fortunately, the simplest way to produce superphosphate is to use sulfurous acid, so don't use too much when dealing with nickel sulfide red clay. Therefore, Marin decided that sulfuric acid was used to produce B gunpowder after concentration, and sulfurous acid was used to treat superphosphate. Moreover, in line with the principle of "pollution of the environment is not as good as concentrated pollution", Marin decided to ship all the apatite from Western Sahara to the large Inagua island in Wiltz, Cuba, where the laterite nickel ore is processed. , Superphosphate made on site. Then, the superabsorbent superphosphate is transported back to the native or local plantations in the Americas.

Calcium superphosphate is soluble in water and is absorbed in seconds by the crop field. Therefore, it can be used not only as a base fertilizer in advance, but also as a quick topdressing fertilizer during the growth process.

The fast-dissolving superphosphate, together with the same instant German native potassium salt, can make agriculture more prosperous. In fact, the previous fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizers, needless to say, manure blocks, potassium fertilizers are also very good, there are potassium salt mines in Germany, after Marin found the potassium salt by flame reaction, he contracted several potassium salts, and now it is specially used to make the mixture fertilizer. It is just before using apatite as phosphate fertilizer, the effect is a bit worse. Now, with superphosphate, the short board of fertilizers can be considered to be completed. Then, in the future, the per mu yield of rye and wheat may have to exceed 500 pounds, like six or seven hundred pounds or even eight hundred pounds. As for why you do n’t want thousands of pounds per mu? At present, the main varieties of seeds are not good ... plus the manure blocks used for nitrogen fertilizer are actually not much better than apatite. So, unless the seed problem is solved, and saltpeter is used as nitrogen fertilizer ... but is this possible? Even if he won the saltpetre mine in Chile, Marin would not be extravagant to use saltpetre as a fertilizer ...

Using superphosphate as a fertilizer, even if other European countries find samples, they don't know what they are. After all, the appearance of superphosphate is very different from apatite. Even if someone steals a sample of superphosphate, it will not be clear what it is. At least, it was impossible in this era.

However, calcium superphosphate is somewhat acidic, and it is said that fertilization in acidic soil will react with the acid salt in the soil to regenerate water-insoluble phosphate. Therefore, it should be pointed out that the acidity and alkalinity of the soil must be determined. It is not feasible, it can be used with limestone to improve alkalinity. In fact, most fertile soils, such as humus like black soil, are acidic and dark in color. Alkaline land is mostly barren, with pale colors such as yellow and white.

Then there is the general soil of acidic and fertile soil is generally soft, just like the teeth will be too soft if it is too acidic. Alkaline soils are generally more compacted and have poor air permeability. Under the water, it will be clear-the soft acid soil water quickly penetrates down, while the compacted alkaline soil slows down.

Marin originally wanted to measure the pH of the soil, which is more accurate. However, Marlin does not understand how the PH test paper is produced. After all, his chemistry knowledge is only at the middle school level ... Therefore, he can only use this "empirical" soil method to judge the acidity and alkalinity of the soil ...

However, for Marin, most of the sites under his control are located in coastal areas. The water resources are very rich, and the soil has many humus components, which are basically acid soils. Therefore, it is necessary to add some lime and fertilize with superphosphate. As for the yellow and white barren land, it is not necessary, anyway, the acidity of superphosphate is just neutralized with alkaline land ...

Marin did not know that because of the application of superphosphate, it must be matched with limestone. As a result, a rumor came out-Marin used limestone as a fertilizer and obtained high yield ... Then, the whole of Europe competed to imitate ...

However, most of the fertile farmland in Europe is acid soil. After the application of limestone, there has actually been an increase in production-although the increase is not large, at most 10% or 20%, but it is also very exciting. However, a small part of the family's land is obviously dry and hard alkaline soil farmland, and limestone is also applied as fertilizer in the wind, and the output is lower ...

...

Because the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid is very limited, Marin only produced 20 barrels of smokeless gunpowder B this time. If you want more, you must have enough concentrated sulfuric acid.

No, just after Marin finished B gunpowder, Da Vinci came to the door again ...

It turned out that in order to test the effect of anesthesia, Ada had turned 5 sheep, three dogs and two cows in the palace ... Then, after running out of ether, he ran over and asked Malin ...

However, Marin has been used to make B gunpowder, where is there ether remaining? Then Da Vinci became angry and quarreled with Marin ...

If the average craftsman dared to stab in front of him, Marin had long passed the big ear scraper fan-paralysis, sober, remember who you are ...

However, for Da Vinci, Marin was a little helpless. This Marlin is a treasure. After all, Leonardo is the only scientist of his time. But, the old boy, Ada, probably knows this, he actually put his nose on his face and dared to quarrel with him ...

"Pride and arrogance! I don't want you to die if you ..." To be able to reach Finch's value, Marin was really reluctant to die. Moreover, what made Marin have nothing to say is that Da Vinci quarreled with him, mostly because of scientific research, and will never be arrogant and arrogant for no reason ... So, Marin can't take him ...

"Is there really no sulfuric acid? I'm in desperate need!"

"No, it's all used by me! And, this thing is only produced on the Cuban side." Marin said angrily.

"No, I remember when I was in Italy, many alchemists had sulfuric acid in their hands," Da Vinci said suspiciously.

"Italy ... Alchemist ..." Marin stunned, and then rejoiced:

"Yeah, how did I forget those ancient chemists!"

There is no professional chemist in Europe in this era, and those who are engaged in chemistry are basically weird alchemists ...

Most of these alchemists rely on the manufacture and sale of drugs (poisons are more than cures) to maintain their lives and research, and at the same time they have the dream of "making stones into gold" ...

None of the above is the point ~ www.wuxiaspot.com ~ The point is-some of these alchemists are indeed skilled in the manufacture of sulfuric acid. Moreover, sulfuric acid is also an important alchemical material ...

Italy is rich in volcanoes and is rich in sulfur. Many Italian alchemists are good at making sulfuric acid directly from sulfur, which is then used in alchemy research ...

Marin was worried about the lack of sulfuric acid at this moment, it is better to directly recruit these Italian alchemists to help him make sulfuric acid.

However, considering the serious harm caused by sulfuric acid production to the environment, Marin decided to switch to another form of cooperation-to send a special chamber of commerce to go to Italy to purchase sulfuric acid from alchemists who would make sulfuric acid ... so, it was avoided Sulfuric acid production pollutes the mainland. As for the air pollution in Italy, is it his fault?

As a result, Marin will no longer lack sulfuric acid. After all, although the efficiency of producing sulfuric acid in this era is very low, the product is small. Marin can cooperate with all-European alchemists who know how to make sulfuric acid and make large acquisitions. By then, there will be no shortage of sulfuric acid.

Of course, sulfuric acid is not only used to make ether and smokeless gunpowder. It also has other uses. For example, Marlin's well-known Lüblin method for making soda ash requires a large amount of sulfuric acid ...