Chapter 717 The Road of Independent Innovation

In the corporate forum, Li Weidong also reminded relevant departments and many entrepreneurs not to believe too much in the global supply chain. As for whether they are willing to believe in it, and whether they will respond, it depends on their own fortunes.

After the enterprise forum, Li Weidong came to Tsinghua University non-stop.

In the office, Professor Zhuang was holding a technical catalogue marked on it.

After a while, Professor Zhuang returned the technical catalog to Li Weidong, and said at the same time: Chairman Li, we can help you solve these projects that are marked with the right number; these circled projects can be developed to help you. fixed;

These question marks may be solved for you after research and development. This is not 100%; only those with a cross mark are really powerless on my side, at least in recent years, technological breakthroughs have not been achieved.

Li Weidong took over the technical catalog, looked at the large cross and question marks above, and smiled bitterly.

The sensor companies invested by Li Weidong in the special zone have been operating for a period of time, but so far they can only produce low-end products, which are still far from the mid-end products, and the high-end products are far from the edge.

The demand for sensors in the market is also dominated by mid-end sensors. As for high-end sensors, although the number of demand is not large, the profits are very considerable.

In the low-end sensor market, the competition is very fierce, and the profit is still thin.

Li Weidong has invested more than one billion yuan. Although it is only a drop in the bucket for the entire sensor industry, Li Weidong must be unwilling to spend more than one billion yuan to make low-end sensors.

So Li Weidong contacted a professor at Tsinghua University who was engaged in this research, hoping to get technical support.

Colleges and universities naturally welcome a well-known domestic entrepreneur like Li Weidong, God of Wealth, who doesn't like it.

So Li Weidong quickly connected with Professor Zhuang. Professor Zhuang is a professor in the Department of Precision Instruments of Tsinghua University and is regarded as a relatively authoritative person in domestic sensor research.

However, the results did not satisfy Li Weidong. Domestic research on sensors still lags behind developed countries. Many technical difficulties faced by Li Weidong cannot be solved by domestic scientific research teams.

Sensors were developed initially for industrial production. In the process of industrial production, the parameters on the production nodes need to be controlled, thus giving birth to the development of sensors. Therefore, industrial sensors are mainly aimed at the four industrial parameters of flow, level, temperature and pressure.

After entering the field of daily use, the detection information of the sensor has been subdivided, mainly including sound sensitivity, light sensitivity, heat sensitivity, force sensitivity, magnetic sensitivity, gas sensitivity, humidity sensitivity, pressure sensitivity, ion sensitivity and radiation sensitivity.

The first generation of sensors is a structural sensor, which mainly uses the change of structural parameters to sense and convert signals. There is no technical difficulty in this thing. Anyone who learns applied physics can make a lot of them.

The second-generation sensor is a solid-state sensor, in which solid-state components such as semiconductors, dielectrics, and magnetic materials are used. Later, with the development of integrated circuits, integrated sensors also appeared.

Integrated sensors are also the most demanded type in the market. China can only produce mid-to-low-end products, and 80% of high-end products need to be imported.

The third-generation sensor is the so-called smart sensor, which has self-diagnosis function, memory function, multi-parameter measurement function, network communication function and so on.

The technology content of smart sensors is relatively high, and the cost is also high. Basically, they will not be used in the household field. Basically, only some high-end commercial or military equipment will use smart sensors.

China's sensors started relatively late, and began to develop after the reform and opening up. During the Sixth Five-Year Plan, the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to study force-sensitive sensors of silicon materials. At that time, only 10 mm by 10 mm silicon wafers were made.

It was only during the Seventh Five-Year Plan that the 2-inch silicon chip was solved, and during the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the 4-inch chip was achieved.

At the same time, Western developed countries have begun to mass-produce MEMS chips on a small scale.

Therefore, at that time, China's sensors did lag behind those of developed countries, and the degree of backwardness was probably no less than that of the chip industry. Therefore, even if he went to Tsinghua University, the most high-end institution in China, he could not solve the problems encountered by Li Weidong.

Looking at the circles and forks on the technology list, Li Weidong estimated in his heart that even if he gave Professor Zhuang tens of millions of scientific research funds, the problems that could be solved were very limited.

So Li Weidong asked, Professor Zhuang, I took a general look. There are far more crosses and question marks than check marks, which means that many technical problems cannot be solved. I don't know if you have any more. No other advice, help me with these issues.

Professor Zhuang thought for a while and said, Technology research and development is always a process of accumulation, but in many cases, spending money and time on research and development may not achieve the desired results.

So isn't there a saying that goes around all the time, It's better to build than to buy, since we can't do it ourselves, we'll spend money to buy it! Buying mature technology directly from abroad, if possible, is the most convenient and probably the cheapest way.

I have also considered introducing advanced foreign technology, but many core technologies in sensors are in the United States. Even if we want to buy it, American companies are reluctant to sell the technology to us. More importantly, there is a Wassenaar Agreement .

Li Weidong said with a long sigh, and then continued: The Wassenaar Agreement defines sensors as a key technology, and lists it as a separate item. There are more than 40 pages of sensor content, including the Wassenaar Agreement. In China, it is difficult for our Chinese companies to obtain high-end sensor technology.

...

During the Cold War, in order to impose embargoes and trade restrictions on socialist countries, Western countries set up a Paris Coordinating Committee, which is also known as Batumi. The group set up a separate China Committee in 1952, which is said to specifically target China's embargoed institutions.

China has also been stuck in the neck by Batumi. In addition to weapons, cutting-edge technology products and rare materials are also on the embargoed list, with a total of tens of thousands of products. Back then, China relied on abacus to calculate the parameters of the atomic bomb because Batumi banned the sale of computers to China.

Batumi is a product of the Cold War. After the end of the Cold War, the Soviet Union disintegrated, and various member states of the Soviet Union, including Russia, also tried to turn to the West. Batumi has lost its value of existence, so Western countries have done this. The Wassenaar Agreement.

As far as the terms of the Wassenaar Agreement are concerned, there is actually no official list of countries to be controlled, and the Wassenaar Agreement also has a so-called each country handles it by itself principle, that is, member states can refer to the common control. The principles and checklists decide on their own the measures and ways to implement export control and approve their own export licenses.

However, in the actual operation process, this each country handles it on its own is nonsense, and the United States must have the final say. Therefore, even if the member states of the Wassenaar Agreement decide to sell a certain technology to China, the United States will intervene.

In the fields of science and technology and the military, the Wassenaar Accord is not a little stuck in China's neck, seriously hindering China's development, just like the chip industry, which is the industry most seriously affected by the Wassenaar Accord.

However, the Wassenaar Agreement also forced China to carry out independent innovation, and finally achieved complete autonomy in many fields. When China's technology matured, it took away the Western market.

From this perspective, the Wassenaar Agreement is not completely negative for China. Without the Wassenaar Agreement, perhaps in many areas, China would still be unable to rely on itself.

Although the Wassenaar Agreement is aimed at China, it also stimulates China's technological innovation and development. In the long run, the Wassenaar Agreement forces China to be self-reliant, which is considered to help China.

However, there is one country that is a pure victim of the Wassenaar Agreement, and that is Japan.

In the 20th century, Japan was not inferior to the United States in terms of science and technology, and even surpassed the United States in scientific research in many fields. Even after the lost 30 years, Japan can still rely on its own income and stand at the forefront of the world in many high-tech fields. This also shows from the side how powerful Japan's technology was back then.

However, the development of science and technology must ultimately serve the economy. If the results of scientific and technological research cannot bring economic benefits, the significance of scientific research will be greatly reduced.

Although Japan's technology is strong, Japan's domestic market is too small. Even if more than 100 million people are high-income groups, it still cannot bring enough economic benefits to scientific research.

This is also doomed that Japan's scientific research results need to be put into other markets in order to generate sufficient benefits to maintain the sustainable development of scientific research.

Therefore, Japan is keen to invest in the world. While investing overseas, they also bring a lot of technology abroad, taking advantage of the huge foreign market and Japan's own technological advantages to obtain high profits.

There is a folk saying that in addition to Japan itself, there is another Japan overseas. This refers to Japan's huge profits overseas.

But no matter how rich Japan is, it can't stand America's cutting leeks every three days. The Plaza Accord in the 1980s cut off Japan's domestic leeks, and the Asian financial crisis in the 1990s cut off Japan's overseas leeks.

After the two crops of leeks were cut, Japan's vitality was greatly damaged, and new growth points were needed to maintain the original development trend. And China was clearly the best place to invest at that time.

China's economic growth in those two decades is unprecedented in human history. If Japan can put its world-leading technology into the Chinese market and take advantage of the rapid development of the Chinese market, it will definitely get rich returns, and then feed back Japan's domestic technology development.

Moreover, if Japanese technology goes to the United States or Europe, it will inevitably encounter fierce competition. After all, the technology of the United States and Europe is not inferior to Japan.

But in China, Japanese technology is not only the champion, but also has opened up several grades in China, and will inevitably seize the market quickly.

It is also possible that China has slowed down the pace of independent innovation in scientific research because of Japan's advanced technology, and eventually it is likely to form a situation where technology is entirely dependent on Japan.

This is not an alarmist. China has engaged in independent innovation for so many years, but nowadays many high-tech equipment or materials still need to rely on Japan.

If Japan really put their technology into the Chinese market without any scruples, and took the lead one step at a time, and the Chinese companies couldn't catch up, and they were used to Japan's technology, then China's current technology field is really will be fully controlled by Japan.

Fortunately, with the Wassenaar Agreement, Japan cannot bring its high technology to China. Without a large enough external market, Japan's technology cannot maintain sustainable development, and eventually it can only be slowly reduced to living on its own.

As an island country lacking resources, without its technological advantages, the economy will inevitably fall into recession.

At the same time, the United States used its huge domestic market to put scientific research results into application, and then invested in scientific research after making profits, realizing a virtuous circle of scientific research, and then quickly opened the gap with Japan.

Thirty years ago, Japan's technology was comparable to that of the United States. Thirty years later, Japan will lag behind the United States in terms of research and development, corporate foundation, scientific research indicators, number of patents, and technological product innovation.

Just look at the stock markets of the United States and Japan. The top companies in the United States by market capitalization, ranging from auto companies, to financial companies, to technology companies, have changed several times over the past 30 years. Japan's top companies by market value have barely changed in three decades.

This shows that Japan's industrial structure has not changed for 30 years, and the innovation and development of science and technology in the past 30 years has not formed economic benefits of scale in Japan at all.

Although there are many reasons for the decline of Japan's technology industry, in the final analysis, there is still a lack of economic drive. A Wassenaar Agreement, which was born to target China's science and technology field, did not interrupt the backbone of China's scientific and technological development, but blocked the road of Japan's technology industry.

Many times, looking back at a country's development path, you will find that what originally restricted the country's development will instead become the driving force for the country's development, while the things that originally helped the country's development will instead become a burden to its development.

At this time, I have to sigh with emotion that the national fortune thing may really exist!

Closer to home, in the Wassenaar Agreement, sensor-related technology is listed as a separate item, and the relevant content is more than 40 pages.

Obviously, Americans are still very strict about technical control in this area. This is mainly because of the significance of sensors for military use.

For a simple example, gyroscopes can be used as signal sensors, such as the route of fighter jets, the guidance of missiles, and the positioning of satellites. Such sensitive components that can be used for military purposes, the United States will certainly not let China get.

Therefore, it is simply impossible to obtain high-end sensor technology by purchasing.

Since you can't buy it with money, you can only find another way.

I saw Professor Zhuang pondering for a few seconds, and then said: Chairman Li, since there is no way to directly introduce technology, we can only introduce technical personnel. The Wassenaar Agreement only controls the export of technology, but not the scientific research personnel. flow, right?

Therefore, I suggest that you can introduce scientific research talents in this field from abroad and set up a special scientific research team. Although it will cost a lot of money and time, you can achieve the results you want.

That's a solution. Li Weidong nodded, and then he said, Professor Zhuang, when it comes to scientific research, I thought you would let me provide scientific research funds to domestic research teams, but I didn't expect you to suggest that. I have a dedicated team.

There are indeed many scientific research institutions in China that are doing research and development of sensor projects. For example, we have several project teams in Tsinghua University. However, the scientific research conducted by our universities and research institutes is very different from the scientific research conducted by enterprises themselves.

Professor Zhuang sighed and said melancholy; The industry-university-research cooperation has been in place for some years, and it has achieved fruitful results. However, scientific research projects in universities like ours are mainly aimed at the academic world, not the service companies.

For us, publishing several heavyweight papers and then being recognized by the academic community is more important than bringing profits to the business. As for those scientific research institutions, the main work goal is to meet the scientific research goals set by the superior, and it is not to serve the enterprise.

Therefore, I always feel that powerful enterprises should still engage in scientific research on their own, take the road of independent innovation, and directly serve the development of enterprises with the results of scientific research. To put it bluntly, scientific research is for making money and generating income, not for other purposes. From an economic point of view, it may be more beneficial to the entire industry.

...

Scientific researchers are professional talents. If you want to recruit professional talents, you must find a specialized headhunting agency.

So Li Weidong found the famous headhunting company Heidrick \u0026 Struggles.

The business scope of modern headhunting companies is not only from poaching people from enterprises, but also includes projects such as enterprise management consulting, enterprise reform, structure optimization, personnel optimization and other projects. Many headhunting companies have the attribute of corporate doctors and can even save a company that is on the verge of bankruptcy. enterprise.

Heidrick \u0026 Struggles is one of the top five headhunters in the world and is known as the purest headhunting company. In terms of corporate doctors, Heidrick \u0026 Struggles is not the best, but in terms of headhunting business, Heidrick \u0026 Struggles is definitely a headhunter. Nampo Bay.

Moreover, Heidrick \u0026 Struggles is very good at the headhunting business of technology companies. The most successful case is to dig Kai-Fu Lee from Microsoft to Google. For this reason, Microsoft also fought a lawsuit with Google.

In order to recruit talents as soon as possible, Li Weidong also offered very generous treatment, and there is no ceiling for top talents. Heidrick \u0026 Struggles also made a special plan for Li Weidong to look over.

Chairman Li, according to your request, Heidrick \u0026 Struggles has specially formulated a headhunting plan, please take a look at it.

Manager Liu, I'm not very familiar with the headhunting business, so please give me a brief introduction to your plan! Li Weidong said.

Okay. Manager Liu nodded and continued: What you need are professional scientific research talents in sensors. Most of these talents are concentrated in European and American countries. However, most of the technical talents in European and American countries are I don't want to work in China.

Therefore, from the perspective of cost input and benefit output, we first recommend that you build the R\u0026D center in the United States, which will make it easier to recruit talents and reduce the cost of human resources.

For people in developed countries in Europe and America, going to work in developing countries is like exile. Americans, in particular, are reluctant to let him work in Europe or Japan, let alone China.

In many poor and backward countries, the United States has not sent ambassadors for decades. It is not because it does not want to send people, and it is not because they cannot afford it. The important reason is that no one wants to go. The weight level of national diplomacy is still like this, let alone the level of ordinary expatriate work, and no one wants to suffer in poor countries.

After all, Americans are not as hard-working as Chinese people. As long as they are Chinese, they are willing to go to the poorest places in Africa to build roads. Malaria and cholera will not be a problem.

Li Weidong decided to engage in research and development by himself, so as not to be stuck in the neck technically. If the R\u0026D center is located in the United States, it will obviously not solve the problem of being stuck. So he said: Manager Liu, thank you very much for your suggestion, but I still decided to keep the R\u0026D center in China.

In this case, I will introduce the headhunting plan we have formulated. Manager Liu opened the folder in his hand and continued: Because technical personnel from European and American countries are reluctant to come to work in China, we will recruit from some Central and Eastern European countries. The country is looking for the right talent.

The income of Central and Eastern European countries is much lower than that of Western European countries. If they are willing to pay high salaries, they should be able to recruit talents in this area from Central and Eastern European countries. In particular, some CIS countries have an industrial base left over from the Soviet Union and still have certain technical capabilities.

Li Weidong thought for a few seconds, and then said: The CIS countries have the old foundation left by the Soviet Union, but even the Soviet Union was not as good as the United States in terms of sensor research. Moreover, the Soviet Union has been disintegrated for so many years. I don’t know how much of the technology that comes down can be used. So I still prefer to recruit talents from the United States.”

Most Americans are reluctant to come to work in China. If they insist on recruiting talents from the United States, they may have to pay twice or three times their salary, and the other party is willing to consider it. And it is only a consideration, they may hold This is a better condition to ask your boss for a raise.

Manager Liu continued: So we have made a special plan for this. We will focus on recruiting Chinese or Chinese scientific research talents. These people have a Chinese background and are relatively willing to work in China. According to our I understand that there are still a lot of Chinese in the United States engaged in scientific research.

Yes, this is a good direction, after all, the Chinese have more similarities in culture. Li Weidong continued; When the time comes, we will add one more, if you bring your family together, we can solve it. Spouse’s work, children’s schooling, etc.”

Manager Liu took the notes, and then continued: There is one more thing, which is for high-level scientific research talents. Such high-level scientific research talents will inevitably have some special requirements, not only in terms of money or treatment, and it may be possible at that time. You need to go out and connect in person.

No problem! Li Weidong smiled and nodded: As long as the other party really has the ability, there is no problem for me to visit the cottage!

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